500 server error and application pool crashes after September 2023 CU for SharePoint:

How can this be resolved?

As a workaround(!) the SharePoint AMSI integration can be disabled for each affected web application using the following PowerShell command:

Disable-SPFeature -Identity 4cf046f3-38c7-495f-a7da-a1292d32e8e9 -Url http://url-to-webapp

I hope the above information will help you to resolve the issue, in case of any queries/questions regarding the above mentioned information then please let me know. I would be more than happy to help you as well as resolves your issues, Thank you.